5J41

Glutathione S-transferase bound with hydrolyzed Piperlongumine


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.19 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.186 
  • R-Value Work: 0.163 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.164 

Starting Model: experimental
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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural and Biochemical Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 Inhibition by the Anti-cancer Compound Piperlongumine.

Harshbarger, W.Gondi, S.Ficarro, S.B.Hunter, J.Udayakumar, D.Gurbani, D.Singer, W.D.Liu, Y.Li, L.Marto, J.A.Westover, K.D.

(2017) J Biol Chem 292: 112-120

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.750299
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5J41

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tumors and is a putative target of the plant compound piperlongumine (PL), which contains two reactive olefins and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells but not normal cells. PL exposure of cancer cells results in increased reactive oxygen species and decreased GSH. These data in tandem with other information led to the conclusion that PL inhibits GSTP1, which forms covalent bonds between GSH and various electrophilic compounds, through covalent adduct formation at the C7-C8 olefin of PL, whereas the C2-C3 olefin of PL was postulated to react with GSH. However, direct evidence for this mechanism has been lacking. To investigate, we solved the X-ray crystal structure of GSTP1 bound to PL and GSH at 1.1 Å resolution to rationalize previously reported structure activity relationship studies. Surprisingly, the structure showed that a hydrolysis product of PL (hPL) was conjugated to glutathione at the C7-C8 olefin, and this complex was bound to the active site of GSTP1; no covalent bond formation between hPL and GSTP1 was observed. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the reactions between PL and GSTP1 confirmed that PL does not label GSTP1. Moreover, MS data also indicated that nucleophilic attack on PL at the C2-C3 olefin led to PL hydrolysis. Although hPL inhibits GSTP1 enzymatic activity in vitro, treatment of cells susceptible to PL with hPL did not have significant anti-proliferative effects, suggesting that hPL is not membrane-permeable. Altogether, our data suggest a model wherein PL is a prodrug whose intracellular hydrolysis initiates the formation of the hPL-GSH conjugate, which blocks the active site of and inhibits GSTP1 and thereby cancer cell proliferation.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    From the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390 and.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glutathione S-transferase P
A, B
209Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GSTP1FAEES3GST3
EC: 2.5.1.18
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P09211 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P09211 
Go to UniProtKB:  P09211
PHAROS:  P09211
GTEx:  ENSG00000084207 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP09211
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
GSH
Query on GSH

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth A],
G [auth B]
GLUTATHIONE
C10 H17 N3 O6 S
RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N
3LF
Query on 3LF

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
F [auth B]
3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid
C12 H16 O5
ZCYXGVJUZBKJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
MES
Query on MES

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
H [auth B]
2-(N-MORPHOLINO)-ETHANESULFONIC ACID
C6 H13 N O4 S
SXGZJKUKBWWHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.19 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.186 
  • R-Value Work: 0.163 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.164 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 78.495α = 90
b = 89.458β = 98.235
c = 69.001γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling
PHENIXphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2016-11-30
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2016-12-21
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2017-01-18
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-09-27
    Changes: Advisory, Data collection, Database references, Refinement description