Decapping nuclease RAI1

UniProtKB accession:  P53063

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UniProtKB description:  Decapping enzyme for NAD-capped RNAs: specifically hydrolyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) cap from a subset of RNAs by removing the entire NAD moiety from the 5'-end of an NAD-capped RNA (By similarity). The NAD-cap is present at the 5'-end of some RNAs and snoRNAs. In contrast to the canonical 5'-end N7 methylguanosine (m7G) cap, the NAD cap promotes mRNA decay (By similarity). Also acts as a non-canonical decapping enzyme that removes the entire cap structure of m7G capped or incompletely capped RNAs (PubMed:12897126, PubMed:20802481, PubMed:26101253). Has decapping activity toward incomplete 5'-end m7G cap mRNAs such as unmethylated 5'-end-capped RNA (cap0), while it has no activity toward 2'-O-ribose methylated m7G cap (cap1) (PubMed:12897126, PubMed:20802481). Also possesses RNA 5'-pyrophosphohydrolase activity by hydrolyzing the 5'-end triphosphate to release pyrophosphates (PubMed:20802481). Stimulates exoribonuclease activity of RAT1, allowing it to degrade RNAs with stable secondary structure more effectively (PubMed:20802481). Required for the processing of nuclear mRNA and rRNA precursors (PubMed:10805743, PubMed:12612077, PubMed:16131592). May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II (PubMed:15565157).