3CMF

Crystal structure of human liver 5beta-reductase (AKR1D1) in complex with NADP and CORTISONE. Resolution 1.90 A.


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.223 
  • R-Value Work: 0.195 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.195 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Crystal Structure of Human Liver {Delta}4-3-Ketosteroid 5{beta}-Reductase (AKR1D1) and Implications for Substrate Binding and Catalysis.

Di Costanzo, L.Drury, J.E.Penning, T.M.Christianson, D.W.

(2008) J Biol Chem 283: 16830-16839

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M801778200

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    AKR1D1 (steroid 5beta-reductase) reduces all Delta(4)-3-ketosteroids to form 5beta-dihydrosteroids, a first step in the clearance of steroid hormones and an essential step in the synthesis of all bile acids. The reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond in an alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone by 5beta-reductase is a unique reaction in steroid enzymology because hydride transfer from NADPH to the beta-face of a Delta(4)-3-ketosteroid yields a cis-A/B-ring configuration with an approximately 90 degrees bend in steroid structure. Here, we report the first x-ray crystal structure of a mammalian steroid hormone carbon-carbon double bond reductase, human Delta(4)-3-ketosteroid 5beta-reductase (AKR1D1), and its complexes with intact substrates. We have determined the structures of AKR1D1 complexes with NADP(+) at 1.79- and 1.35-A resolution (HEPES bound in the active site), NADP(+) and cortisone at 1.90-A resolution, NADP(+) and progesterone at 2.03-A resolution, and NADP(+) and testosterone at 1.62-A resolution. Complexes with cortisone and progesterone reveal productive substrate binding orientations based on the proximity of each steroid carbon-carbon double bond to the re-face of the nicotinamide ring of NADP(+). This orientation would permit 4-pro-(R)-hydride transfer from NADPH. Each steroid carbonyl accepts hydrogen bonds from catalytic residues Tyr(58) and Glu(120). The Y58F and E120A mutants are devoid of activity, supporting a role for this dyad in the catalytic mechanism. Intriguingly, testosterone binds nonproductively, thereby rationalizing the substrate inhibition observed with this particular steroid. The locations of disease-linked mutations thought to be responsible for bile acid deficiency are also revealed.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase
A, B
346Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AKR1D1SRD5B1
EC: 1.3.1.3
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P51857 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P51857 
Go to UniProtKB:  P51857
PHAROS:  P51857
GTEx:  ENSG00000122787 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP51857
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.223 
  • R-Value Work: 0.195 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.195 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 49.719α = 90
b = 109.199β = 90
c = 127.841γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
CNSrefinement
ADSCdata collection
HKL-2000data reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
CNSphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2008-04-08
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2023-08-30
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description