High Consistency of Structure-Based Design and X-Ray Crystallography: Design, Synthesis, Kinetic Evaluation and Crystallographic Binding Mode Determination of Biphenyl-N-acyl-beta-d-Glucopyranosylamines as Glycogen Phosphorylase Inhibitors.
Fischer, T., Koulas, S.M., Tsagkarakou, A.S., Kyriakis, E., Stravodimos, G.A., Skamnaki, V.T., Liggri, P.G.V., Zographos, S.E., Riedl, R., Leonidas, D.D.(2019) Molecules 24
- PubMed: 30987252 
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071322
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
6R0H, 6R0I - PubMed Abstract: 
Structure-based design and synthesis of two biphenyl- N -acyl-β-d-glucopyranosylamine derivatives as well as their assessment as inhibitors of human liver glycogen phosphorylase (hlGPa, a pharmaceutical target for type 2 diabetes) is presented. X-ray crystallography revealed the importance of structural water molecules and that the inhibitory efficacy correlates with the degree of disturbance caused by the inhibitor binding to a loop crucial for the catalytic mechanism. The in silico-derived models of the binding mode generated during the design process corresponded very well with the crystallographic data.
Organizational Affiliation: 
Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland. thomas.fischer@zhaw.ch.